The Minimum Vital Income IMV is a social policy in Spain aimed at reducing poverty and preventing social exclusion by guaranteeing a minimum level of income to households facing economic hardship.
What is the Minimum Subsistence Income
IMV provides financial support to households that cannot meet basic needs due to their financial situation. It is an inclusive measure intended to ensure a basic standard of living and to narrow social inequalities.
The amount of IMV is not fixed. It depends on factors such as the composition of the household and the specific economic conditions. Each case is evaluated individually to determine the appropriate level of support.
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To qualify for IMV, several requirements must be met:
- Legal and effective residence. Applicants must be legally resident in Spain and have maintained residence for a continuous period prior to application.
- Cohabitation unit. The income and assets of the applicant’s household are assessed.
- Economic situation. The household financial situation is reviewed to ensure that income and assets stay within established thresholds.
IMV childhood benefit supplement
The IMV child support supplement provides extra help to families with young children. Its purpose is to support vulnerable families and contribute to reducing child poverty.
The supplement amount varies with the age of the child:
- Children under three years old: 115 euros.
- Children between three and six years old: 80.50 euros.
- Children between six and eighteen years old: 57.50 euros.
The overall range can reach 565.37 euros for an adult in a cohabitation unit to 1,223.83 euros in a unit with four adults and a minor. For a typical family consisting of two adults and two young children, the monthly benefit can be 1,074.21 euros.
Detailed amounts for all assumptions in non single-parent families are shown in a chart below. Hovering over the bars reveals the data in more detail. In line with the official guidance, the Department of Labor outlines the criteria to access this supplement, including:
- Being part of a cohabitation unit that includes minors.
- Meeting the IMV export requirements.
- Not exceeding the maximum limits on the assessable income, net worth, and assets test.
How to claim IMV child benefit supplement
Eligible families can apply for this additional support through the National Social Security Institution, known as INSS. If IMV rights already exist, the supplement is automatically recognized. Otherwise, a separate IMV application is required for the benefit to be granted.
The supplement becomes effective from the first day of the month following the application and is paid monthly via bank transfer. The benefit continues as long as the economic fragility condition persists and the corresponding eligibility requirements remain in place.