A studies from Science Advances highlights a notable pattern: teenage girls are more likely than boys to internalize failure as a personal shortcoming tied to talent. The finding emerged from responses gathered in the 2018 PISA survey, involving about 50,000 students across 72 countries. This is not a radical new claim; prior reports already pointed to a lack of female references when people discuss highly intelligent individuals, and to a paradox seen early in childhood where six-year-old girls may view intelligence differently than boys. The data show a consistent tendency among girls to blame themselves when outcomes are disappointing, while boys often attribute setbacks to luck, a bad day, or simple misfortune. In the PISA results, a strong share of girls expresses the belief that their own limitations explain failure, with 61 percent of girls and a similar proportion of boys endorsing this stance, while a notable portion of the sample disputes talent as the sole cause. This internal voice, persistent in many girls, can undermine confidence and lead to fewer women pursuing demanding professional roles, leadership positions, or political responsibilities. The pattern suggests that self-doubt plays a role in the underrepresentation of women in traditionally male domains, a reality that resonates beyond the classroom and into the workplace.
The question remains what actions can support girls in recognizing their abilities and pursuing ambitious paths. Science Advances points to a key insight: differences in self-perception between genders become more pronounced in societies with higher levels of gender equality and development. Greater rights and improved opportunities should, in theory, empower girls to test their abilities, yet they can also expose them to intense stereotypes that erode confidence. A culture that prizes competition rather than collaboration may reinforce avoidance of challenge among girls, potentially stifling risk-taking and growth. The analysis suggests the need for cultural references that portray women as capable thinkers who make mistakes, learn from them, and continue moving forward. Mentors and role models who openly discuss challenges can help counteract the idea that success must come without errors. By normalizing missteps as part of growth, communities can reduce self-imposed barriers and support girls in embracing responsibility and leadership roles.