Researchers from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands conducted a study examining how different sugar sources affect obesity risk in children. The findings suggest that sugar obtained from fruits and liquid dairy products is less likely to contribute to obesity than sugar from baked goods, chocolate, and sweetened yogurts. The presentation occurred at the European Congress on Obesity in Italy, with the conference running from May 12 to May 15.
A total of 891 children took part in the research. When the children were three years old, their parents were interviewed about their child’s daily diet. They reported how often the youngsters ate vegetables, fruits, grains, starches, nuts, legumes, meat, eggs, butter, milk and other dairy products, coffee and tea, sugary drinks, homemade meals, ready meals, soups, confectionery, chocolate, sauces, and refined sugars.
The study then followed the children to ages 10 to 11, at which point researchers measured height and weight to assess body composition and obesity risk. The goal was to understand how overall sugar consumption relates to obesity during childhood and adolescence.
Results indicated that total sugar intake in early childhood did not independently predict obesity at ages 10 to 11. Instead, the source of sugar appeared to play a more decisive role in obesity development. In particular, higher intake of liquid dairy products and fruit was linked to a lower likelihood of overweight, while frequent consumption of confectionery, chocolate, and sweetened dairy beverages was associated with a higher risk of obesity.
The researchers emphasize that dietary patterns in early childhood can influence later weight status. The work aligns with a broader view that the quality and origin of sugars matter, not merely the total amount consumed. This insight helps families, educators, and health professionals consider targeted dietary choices to support healthier growth trajectories in children across North America and Europe.