Researchers at a major hospital in Spain presented findings from a new study on male reproductive anatomy. The work was shared at a European medical congress held in Milan and drew attention for its implications in surgical planning and patient care. The presentation highlighted two distinct patterns in how the penis enlarges from a relaxed state to full erection, a discovery with potential relevance for urology practice in Spain, throughout Europe, and beyond.
The investigation enrolled more than 200 men who underwent careful measurements of both the length and the circumference of the penis in two conditions: calm and fully erect. With this data, the researchers categorized participants into two main groups. One group showed an erect growth of more than 56 percent compared with the flaccid state. The other group demonstrated an erect growth of less than 31 percent. A third portion of participants fell into what the authors called a middle zone, or gray area, where the percentage change did not clearly align with the two primary patterns.
Among the volunteers, 24 percent were placed in the first category characterized by larger erect growth, 25 percent in the second category with more modest enlargement, and 51 percent in the gray zone where the change did not fit neatly into the two defined types. A notable finding was that the group with greater erect enlargement tended to have longer measurements in the flaccid state when compared to the other group, indicating a link between initial size and the degree of change observed during erection.
The researchers emphasized that understanding the variation in penile type can influence how surgeons approach corrective or reconstructive procedures when needed. They noted that fibrous tissue surrounding the spongy erectile tissue also shows changes that correlate with the type of growth pattern observed. The study’s authors called for additional research that would involve a larger and more diverse sample of men to confirm these patterns and better explain their clinical implications. The overall aim is to improve surgical planning and patient outcomes by recognizing that anatomical variation can guide decisions in treatment and intervention, rather than applying a one-size-fits-all approach.