Researchers from Moscow State University named after MV Lomonosov, working with international colleagues, have found that living in captivity can alter tiger skull shapes. The study shows that captivity tends to produce wider and shorter skulls in tigers. The results were published in the Royal Society Open Science journal, highlighting a notable shift in skull morphology under human-managed conditions.
The team examined 172 tiger skulls fromPantera tigris populations across the globe, comparing individuals kept in captivity with those living in natural habitats. The comparison spanned 47 distinct measurements to capture a comprehensive view of skull variation.
Biologists observed considerable variability in skull parameters among tigers, with environmental factors like diet playing a significant role. The researchers report that zoo-dwelling tigers often exhibit a broader skull, a shortened facial region, a more prominent lower jaw, and less developed ridges where chewing muscles attach. These differences suggest that captive environments can influence functional anatomy tied to feeding and jaw mechanics.
Although tigers have a wide geographic distribution, they remain endangered and appear on many conservation lists, including Russian Red Books. The study’s findings are expected to inform improvements in captive management, including adjustments to feeding regimens, enclosure design, and enrichment strategies to support healthier skull development and overall well-being for captive individuals, contributing to more effective conservation in captivity as part of broader efforts cited by the Royal Society Open Science researchers.