Polyoxidonium, also known as azoximer bromide, is mentioned in the updated temporary guidelines issued by Russia’s Ministry of Health for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the novel coronavirus infection. The document places azoximer bromide in the category of non-specific drug options for Covid-19 prevention.
The inclusion of this Russian medication stems from a meta-analysis titled “Experience with the use of azoximer bromide for the prevention of acute respiratory infections and Covid-19 in adults from groups at high risk of infection (healthcare workers in the red zone).” The study encompassed 1,141 participants aged 18 to 69. The analysis examined the use of azoximer bromide as a prophylactic measure among healthcare workers operating in high-risk, red-zone settings.
Among the red-zone health workers who took the drug as a preventive measure, there was a pattern of stronger resistance to acute respiratory illnesses. In parallel observations, the incidence of Covid-19 in this cohort was found to be about three times lower than in the control group. These findings contributed to the drug’s elevated status within the prevention guidelines for the period in question.
Safety and tolerability data from the incorporated research were favorable. The analysis highlighted a tolerability profile for azoximer bromide that did not reveal unexpected safety concerns, suggesting that the medication was generally well tolerated by participants in the study. This aspect of the evidence supported its consideration as part of a broader strategy for reducing infection risk in high-exposure settings.
Contextualizing these recommendations, it is noted that in the fall of 2023 there was a recorded rise in coronavirus infections. A federal operational center reported a notable increase in cases, with incidence rising by about 30.1% compared with the preceding week. This backdrop may influence ongoing assessments of preventive options and the weight given to non-specific measures alongside vaccines and other targeted interventions. [Citation: national health surveillance reports and the cited meta-analysis]