Researchers from University College London have highlighted the most frequent and impactful symptoms associated with long-term coronavirus infection. Their findings point to widespread pain across multiple body regions as a central feature of persistent COVID-19, with the study published in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (JRSM).
The analysis drew on data from more than 1,000 individuals who experienced COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022. Among this group, about one in four participants, specifically 26.5%, reported headaches, along with joint and abdominal pain, as among the most common ongoing complaints.
Beyond physical pain, the research identified notable neuropsychological effects, including anxiety and depression, which affected roughly 18.4% of participants. Fatigue was another prevalent symptom, reported by 14.3%, while shortness of breath and breathing difficulties affected about 7.4% of the cohort.
Importantly, the study observed that the intensity of these symptoms, especially pain, tended to rise modestly over time, with an average monthly increase of 3.3% from diagnosis. This pattern underscores the need for long-term monitoring and a cohesive care strategy for individuals experiencing prolonged effects of the virus.
Older adults within the study population tended to experience more severe symptoms, emphasizing age as a factor in long-term COVID-19 outcomes. The researchers called for sustained support for patients requiring extended hospital care due to COVID-19 and urged the development of treatment approaches that prioritize effective pain management alongside addressing neuropsychological distress and fatigue.
In related developments, some scientists have explored dietary supplements that may support recovery during extended post-COVID periods. While promising, these findings require further rigorous study to establish clear benefits and safe use in diverse patient groups.
For residents across Canada and the United States, the evolving evidence base highlights the importance of recognizing long COVID as a multi-symptom condition. Health systems are increasingly focusing on integrated care pathways that combine medical treatment, mental health support, and rehabilitation to help individuals regain daily function and quality of life. Ongoing research continues to clarify which patients are most at risk for persistent symptoms and how best to tailor interventions to reduce pain, alleviate fatigue, and manage psychological stress as part of a comprehensive recovery plan. [citation attribution: JRSM study, University College London, data from 2020–2022, as reported in peer-reviewed medical literature]