Consuming foods that trigger sharp rises in blood sugar has been linked to a higher risk of metabolic disorders. This connection was reported in Scientific Reports.
The study gathered 527 adults from Isfahan, Iran, representing a range of socioeconomic backgrounds. Researchers evaluated the intake of high glycemic index foods using dietary questionnaires. Foods classified as high GI included refined grains, sugar, potatoes, and sweets.
Participants were categorized as metabolically healthy or unhealthy. The unhealthy group met at least two criteria: fasting glucose at or above 100 mg/dL, use of antihyperglycemic medications, abnormal LDL cholesterol or triglyceride levels, elevated C-reactive protein, or blood pressure at or above 130/85 mmHg, or treatment for hypertension.
Frequent consumption of high-GI foods correlated with higher blood pressure, while moderate intake was linked to increased triglycerides and fat in the bloodstream. A subset of participants showed reduced insulin sensitivity, meaning blood glucose remained elevated longer after meals. The researchers stressed that individuals with diabetes, hypertension, or obesity should minimize foods with a high glycemic index to support metabolic health.
The findings align with broader evidence showing that dietary choices influence cardiovascular and metabolic risk. The study highlights practical implications for prevention strategies and dietary guidance, encouraging a focus on low-GI alternatives and balanced meals to maintain stable blood glucose and lipid profiles over time.
For context, ongoing inquiries in this field examine which foods and lifestyle factors most effectively support blood pressure regulation and metabolic balance. While medications can play a role for some individuals, dietary patterns remain a foundational element of managing these conditions and reducing long-term risk.
In summary, the research underscores the importance of mindful carbohydrate quality. Selecting foods with a lower glycemic load can contribute to healthier blood sugar responses, improved lipid markers, and better overall metabolic health for adults across varied backgrounds.