Researchers from Newcastle University and Northumbria University have identified a remarkable use for the root-like filaments of many fungi. These hyphae can form biodegradable, self-renewing wearable materials when grown in specific conditions. The findings were published in Advanced Functional Ingredients.
In the studies, fungal hyphae, particularly from Ganoderma lucidum, were employed. Hyphae are tiny, branching strands that weave into a network known as mycelium. This mycelium acts as a natural sponge, absorbing water and nutrients from its surroundings. Today, mycelium-based materials serve a broad range of applications. Still, traditional production methods can damage the spores essential for natural regeneration, called chlamidospores, limiting long-term sustainability.
The researchers introduced a refined tissue production method that preserves regenerating chlamidospores. Tests demonstrated that when the material is re-exposed to the same growth conditions, it can effectively seal holes drilled into its structure. This self-sealing property signals a significant step toward durable, reusable fungal textiles.
At present, the fabric remains too thin for large-scale garment manufacturing. Nevertheless, scientists are optimistic about future enhancements. Potential strategies include layering multiple sheets to increase strength or incorporating plasticizers such as glycerine to improve flexibility and resilience. Through careful optimization, the material could evolve into a practical option for eco-friendly wearables that reduce reliance on synthetic textiles.
The broader implications extend beyond fashion. Mycelium-based materials hold promise for biocompatible, low-impact products across industries, from packaging to interior design. By leveraging the regenerative capacity of fungal networks, researchers aim to create materials that are not only functional but also capable of regenerating after wear. This aligns with growing consumer interest in sustainable, circular materials that minimize waste and environmental footprint.
Credit: Advanced Functional Ingredients.