Discussion on the topic wolf protection has been reopened from the European Union, with remarks from EU leadership indicating that wolf densities have risen in certain areas. This development could lead to a review of existing rules. The EU faces a balancing act between protecting wildlife and safeguarding livestock and human interests. EU officials suggest that protection levels might be adjusted where populations are higher than previously thought.
The increase in wolf packs in parts of Europe is described as a potential risk to animals and possibly to people in areas where encounters are more likely. Leaders emphasize that current EU law already provides for action by local and national authorities when warranted, highlighting that flexibility exists within the established framework.
Community management is moving toward a new phase in wolf governance. A system has been put in place to gather up-to-date information on wolf populations and their impacts, with a deadline for submissions before late September. This data collection aims to inform decisions about how the species is managed across the Union.
“I urge local and national authorities to take action when necessary”
Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, underscored the need for vigilance as wolf returns to EU regions where it had been scarce. The Commission is collaborating with farming and hunting communities to implement safeguards for livestock in regions where preventive measures are not yet widely adopted.
Changing the protection status of the wolf in the EU
Based on the data gathered, the Community Manager will consider adjustments to the wolf’s protection status in the EU if the evidence warrants it. Where necessary, the legal framework could be updated to allow more flexible responses aligned with how the species is evolving.
Two examples of Iberian wolves illustrate the regional dimensions of the issue, with regional authorities and media providing ongoing coverage of management challenges across the Iberian Peninsula.
Brussels noted that national and local authorities retain the authority to implement measures when needed, supported financially by the European Commission. The response comes ahead of elections and in a context where some farmers express concern about biodiversity conservation amid the enactment of restoration and environmental laws.
The European Parliament previously approved a mandate prompting a review of the wolf’s protection status. This process seeks to harmonize conservation goals with practical considerations on the ground.
For example, in Spain, regional authorities have formed what are described as wolf communities in Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria, and Castilla y León. They began coordinating at the community level to address the situation prior to the decision. In September, environmental officials from these regions met with the European Commissioner responsible for the environment to discuss perceived mismanagement and the rising losses to livestock. They agreed to provide clear local data to the General Directorate for the Environment for further assessment.
Twelve governments oppose changes to the law
However, Spain, joined by twelve EU member states including Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Austria, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia and others, sent a letter arguing that the protection status of the wolf should not be altered. The signatories stressed the ecological role of the gray wolf and other carnivores in regulating prey populations and maintaining ecosystem health.
Over the last year, the Commission has been compiling population data across Europe, but officials admit the picture remains incomplete. The current information is not yet sufficient to drive additional measures, so the scope of the consultation is being expanded. A spokesman for the Commission noted that it is difficult to predict the exact implications of any review, given the evolving status of the species and habitat conditions.
The Habitats Directive continues to provide strict protection for most wolf populations in Europe, while there is a recognized possibility of exemptions in certain circumstances, including considerations of socioeconomic interests.
Attack and public remarks
The topic also touched a personal note as von der Leyen, known for her interest in equestrian pursuits, faced a livestock incident when a wolf in September 2022 killed a pony on a German farm. The incident is cited in discussions about the human and economic stakes of wolf conservation and management decisions.
Spanish perspectives on wolf management
Luis Planas, Spain’s Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, described the Commission’s proposal to deepen the national census and gather better data on wolf status as an interesting move that could refine risk assessment for livestock. He noted that many farmers have experienced losses, and emphasized Spain’s flexibility tools under its wolf management plan, which allow removal under certain conditions with proper authorization when overpopulation or dangerous situations arise. The discussion highlighted the need for accurate data and responsive tools that reflect on-the-ground realities.
During discussions with regional authorities in Córdoba, Planas reaffirmed Spain’s capacity to implement targeted measures. He pointed out that the country has mechanisms to adjust management as needed, including administrative permissions for separating or removing problem animals when warranted.
In the broader context, ongoing dialogue and data collection are essential for shaping policy that respects biodiversity while protecting farming livelihoods. The conversation continues as European agencies balance precaution with pragmatism, aiming to support sustainable coexistence between wolves and rural communities.