Scientists from Tomsk State University and Ural State Medical University have developed a new approach to the treatment of diaphragmatic hernia – a thin septum between the chest and abdominal cavities. A soft, biocompatible implant was created from the finest nickel-titanium mesh to eliminate defects in the diaphragm. The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation told socialbites.ca.
Diaphragmatic hernia is a defect in the form of holes or protrusions through which the organs of the abdominal cavity penetrate into the chest cavity.
“Diaphragmatic hernias can be acquired or congenital; in the latter case, they threaten the life of the child, since such children develop severe respiratory failure already in the delivery room,” Associate Professor of the Ural State Medical University for Research and Innovation Ivan Gordienko told socialbites.ca.
The modern method of defect correction is quite traumatic. The new approach involves closing the defect with a mesh made of titanium nickelide alloy with a thread thickness of 130 microns, which is comparable to the thickness of a human hair. The material has already been successfully introduced into medical practice and has proven its high biological and mechanical compatibility with the native tissues of patients.
The new approach was tested in an experiment on laboratory animals (rabbits) and showed high efficiency. During the experiment, the effect of the implant on the organs and tissues surrounding the animals’ chest and abdominal cavity was investigated. As the study showed, there were no signs of complications. This indicates the high biocompatibility of the implant made of metal meshes and fabrics, the low traumatic nature of the method and good prospects for its application in reconstructive surgery practice.
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