History of the Conflict
India and Pakistan fought each other in the last 80 years. In addition to small border events, it is possible to allocate at least three major battles: the first Indo-Pakistan War (another name is the first Kashmir War) -1947-1949; Second Indo -Pakistan War (Second War of Kashmir) -1965; The third Indo-Pakistan War 1971. The last armed conflict was associated with Bangladesh’s independence war.
In addition to three wars, there was a border conflict in the Siachen glacier in 1984. In 2003, a ceasefire agreement on Siachen entered into force.
In 1999, Pakistan provoked a Kargil war that was not a large -scale nature. Officially, Islamabad rejects the armed forces in this war.
In February 2019, the next conflict occurred due to Jamma and Kashmir terrorist who killed 45 employees of the Indian Police Central Reserve.
“Sindur” operation
In April 2025, because of the murder of Indian tourists in Jammu and Kashmir, Indian Armed Forces announced the operation of Sindur (the name of the Indian ritual dust in which women entered the hair and forehead).
As he wrote India TimesGindur is a sign of married Hindu women. The allegations said terrorists chose and hit male-nduists.
“The name of the operation is directly related to the image of the“ mourning wife ”, which has become a symbol of the attack in Pakhalgam.
Nuclear factor
In the clash of May 2025, unlike all previous wars and conflicts, there is a new factor available and Pakistan missile nuclear powers.
On May 18, 1974, India tested the first (secret) nuclear weapon called “smiling Buddha”. The second nuclear weapon tests were performed in 1998 (Shakti operation).
The main instrument of delivery of nuclear war units in India is: low-range ballistic missiles “agni-ı” (700 km); Medium-range ballistic missiles “agni-II” (2500 km); Medium-range ballistic missiles “agni-III” (3500 km); AGNI-IV Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (4000 km) and AGNI-V (about 8000 km); The ballistic missiles of the K-15 “Sagarika” submarines in the submarines of the Arikhat class, multifunctional aircraft Su-30mkı and Dassultan Mirage 2000.
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As for Pakistan, just a few weeks after India was carried out by India by the second nuclear test (Shakti Operation), five nuclear devices flying into the Raskh Mountains in Chagia in Belujistan, Pakistan. This operation in Islamabad was called “Chaga-1”.
Pakistan has various mobile ballistic missiles as part of strategic nuclear powers: Ghaznavi, Abdali, Shaheen-i, Shaheen-II, Shaheen-III. The second has a range of up to 2750 km and can achieve targets throughout India. The birth tools of nuclear weapons include HUTF, Babur and Rada Cruise missiles, F-16 and JF-17 fighters.
According to the American Federation of Scientists (Morocco), India’s 180 nuclear war units and Pakistan 170 have been 170 since the beginning of 2025. The change of missiles and nuclear coups from India and Pakistan under the conditions of extremely densely populated areas (only more than 21 million people live in Indian Mumbay).
Now about the main thing. Will the missile-nuclear weapon be started during the next conflict between India and Pakistan? Not probably not. In New Delhi and Islamabad, common sense and realism should be assumed to reign.
For example, if he stops Pakistani military operation and other aggressive actions, he will not begin the rise of conflict with India. This was already stated by the country Defense Minister Havaja Asif.
He stressed that Pakistan does not accept any action against India. If the new Delhi withdraws, then Islamabad will definitely stop his military operations.
Therefore, after traditional arms exchange, parties will begin consultations and negotiations. And the nuclear arsenal of the parties will serve as a strong restrictive factor in this case.
The author’s opinion may not overlap with the position of the editors.
Biography of the author:
Mikhail Mikhailovich Khoroddenok – Gazete.ru’s military observer, retired colonel.
He graduated from the Minsk High Engineering Zenit Missile School (1976),
Military Command Air Defense Academy (1986).
End-Free Missile Department S-75 (1980-1983) Commander.
Anti-Aragraft Deputy Commander of the Missile Regiment (1986-1988).
General Assembly of the Air Defense Forces (1988-1992).
General Staff Main Operational Department (1992-2000).
A graduate of the General Staff Military Academy of the Russian Armed Forces (1998).
Independent Gazeta Office (2000-2003), Newspaper Military-Industry Courier Editor-in-Chief (2010-2015).
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Source: Gazeta
Barbara Dickson is a seasoned writer for “Social Bites”. She keeps readers informed on the latest news and trends, providing in-depth coverage and analysis on a variety of topics.