Publication of the novel ‘The Satanic Verses’ He tracked down Muslim demonstrations in 1988, authored by a fatwa of the Indo-British writer Ayatollah Khomeini with a millionaire award Salman Rushdie, and various attacks and assassinations against publishers, translators, and defenders of the book. We are regrouped after this Friday’s attack in the United States. chronology of a religious persecution:
-September 26, 1988: Rushdie’s fourth novel, ‘The Satanic Verses’, was published in the UK, triggering Muslim protests in many countries and its ban in his home country, India.
-8 November: The book won the Whitbread Award.
-November 22: Sheikh Gad al-Haq Ali Gad al-Haq made a statement against the “book of blasphemy” at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, urging British Muslims to take legal action against Rushdie.
-December: the novel was banned in South Africa, and posters were hung against it in Muslim neighborhoods in England. On the 28th, the headquarters of publishing house Viking was threatened by a bomb.
-January 1989: There are demonstrations and public burning of the novel in Brandford on the 14th. The next day, the WH Smith bookstore chain removes it from its stores. On the 27th, demonstrations continue in London calling for the removal of the Penguin publishing group
-14th February: After the protests spread in Pakistan (five dead and 60 injured) and India (one dead and one hundred injured), Ayatollah Khomeini issued a fatwa against the book In the coming days, the EEC withdraws its ambassadors in Iran, and Iran its ambassadors in Europe, Canada bans the import of the novel, and the United States withdraws it from bookstores.
-18 February: Italy is the first non-English speaking country to publish the novel. Rushdie apologizes to Muslims and was released in the United States on the 22nd. Two days later, demonstrations in Mumbai killed ten people and injured 1,600. Khomeini is offering a reward of nearly three million dollars for killing Rushdie.
-28 February: Two explosions occurred at bookstores in Berkeley, California, following Muslim protests in New York.
-2 March: A manifesto of support for the author, signed by a thousand intellectuals from all over the world, is published.
-7 March: The Vatican condemns the novel and describes it as “disrespectful and abusive”, although it also criticizes Khomeini. Two days later, Iran and Britain broke off diplomatic relations.
-March 29: has Two religious leaders killed in Brussels Muslims who oppose the censorship of the book.
-May 19th: 18 publishing houses undertake the joint publication of the book with the Ministry of Culture.
-May 27: Demonstration against 50,000 Muslims in London.
-3 June: Ayatollah Khomeini dies, but his fatwa remains.
-3 August: explodes a bomb in london as a protest.
–1990: To calm the atmosphere, Rushdie publishes the article ‘In good faith’, expressing his respect for Islam and ensuring that his book does not insult the Muslim faith.
-3 July 1991: Italian translator of ‘Los versos satanicos’ suffers knife attack.
-12 July: Japanese translator of the novel, Hitoshi Igarashi was killed.
-3 July 1993: 37 people died in the attack on Turkish translator Azia Nesin in Sivas.
-11 July: They attempt to assassinate William Nygaard, the novel’s publisher in Norway.
–1997: increase the reward today will be about $4 million by Rushdie.
–1998: The Iranian Government undertakes not to encourage his execution under an agreement with the United Kingdom to normalize relations between the two countries. Rusdhie will leave his underground life.
-17 June 2010: Kurdish translator accused of blasphemy From the novel Barmak Behdad.
-January 2012: The author cancels his participation in the Jaipur Literature Festival (India) after receiving information from intelligence sources that two assassins are planning to assassinate him.
Source: Informacion
