Trying to ease heartburn with baking soda can irritate the inner lining of the esophagus, raising the risk of long‑term damage and potentially cancer. This concern was discussed by Oksana Levina, head of the Levin department at Botkin Hospital and a candidate of medical sciences, on the program Doctor 24.
Reflux disease involves the backward flow of stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, often accompanied by heartburn. In some cases, reflux can reach the mouth and trigger coughing. When the valve between the esophagus and stomach falters, gastric juice may spill upward spontaneously. This tendency is more noticeable at night, so people who suffer from reflux are advised to sleep with the head elevated to reduce symptoms and the chance of overnight regurgitation.
Baking soda may provide only temporary relief for heartburn because, despite its alkaline nature, it can provoke a rebound increase in stomach acid. The chemical reaction can momentarily neutralize stomach acid but then stimulate greater acid production. This sequence can worsen heartburn over time and contribute to mucosal irritation. Recurrent irritation can lead to erosive esophagitis and, in some cases, to Barrett’s esophagus—changes in the esophageal lining that may increase cancer risk if not managed properly.
Medical history notes that a man with a prior esophageal rupture underwent surgery on the outskirts of Moscow. This case underscores how serious esophageal problems can be and why careful management of reflux and heartburn is essential to prevent severe complications.