Researchers at the Wexner Medical Center of Ohio State University in the United States observed that individuals with spinal cord injuries lose muscle mass even when their nutrition is adequate. The study findings appeared in the journal Translational Medicine.
The spinal cord serves as the conduit for nerve signals between the brain and the peripheral nervous system, the network outside the brain and spinal cord. Spinal cord injuries typically involve damage to the vertebral bones and can arise from falls, vehicle crashes, or herniated discs. These injuries may bring serious consequences, including partial or complete paralysis and tissue damage.
American scientists reported that spinal cord injuries can also lead to muscular dystrophy, with the severity linked to the injury site along the spinal cord. Damage to the adrenal glands, paired endocrine organs located near the kidneys, can worsen the loss of skeletal muscle. This hormonal disruption can produce a state of elevated cortisol, or hypercortisolism, where muscle tissue bears the brunt even when calorie intake is sufficient. In hypercortisolism, receptors tied to tissue breakdown in muscles become activated despite adequate nutrition.
Further research is needed to probe these mechanisms in depth and to explore potential therapies.
There is a recognition of related weakness observed after COVID-19, underscoring the broader impact of systemic factors on muscle health.
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