Spain’s Environmental Attitudes Today
Spaniards are increasingly choosing actions that protect the environment—beyond words—backed by laws and a willingness to forgo some economic growth when needed. The most comprehensive survey to date, the study on Spanish values, attitudes and environmental behavior, highlights a steady climate of ecological concern across society. While younger people show even stronger beliefs, the data reveal that commitment cuts across ideology, age, and social background.
At the heart of the findings is a widespread consensus that climate change is largely caused by human activity. About four in five respondents say the phenomenon is man-made, and roughly nine in ten agree that the current consumption pattern accelerates its pace. These perceptions reflect a broad understanding of causal links between everyday choices and environmental impact.
In terms of perceived impact, the survey indicates that climate change is expected to affect Spaniards personally. Approximately 38% consider its effect to be substantial for citizens, while another half anticipate a more moderate impact. The trend shows growing concern over time, with rising support for measures aimed at reducing environmental harm even if they come with trade-offs.
Support for bold environmental action is evident. About 57% of respondents believe all necessary measures should be taken, even if this means slowing economic growth. This marks a significant rise from 2008, when the same question yielded a much lower level of enthusiasm. Conversely, roughly one in three people favor measures that do not meaningfully affect them, underscoring a spectrum of willingness to bear costs for the common good.
Taxation and Environmental Protection
The survey also explores fiscal attitudes tied to environmental aims. Just over half of those surveyed indicate participation in tax measures—whether through consumption taxes or income reporting—to safeguard the environment. Notably, about 54% express strong or very strong support for these tax increases. The responses suggest a broad consensus that funding green initiatives requires public willingness to share the burden.
The study, conducted nationwide with 4,500 participants, shows a high level of environmental literacy among Spaniards. An impressive 81% correctly identify greenhouse gas emissions as the main driver of climate change, signaling a solid grasp of the science that underpins public policy.
When considering the seriousness of environmental problems, respondents rate the current issues highly, averaging 8.6 out of 10. This score marks an increase from the survey conducted fifteen years earlier. The most pressing concerns remain the pollution of seas and rivers, followed by rising levels of industrial waste, climate change, and forest fires.
The study also examines how individuals consume and live. It finds that about 90% believe multipack products contribute to climate change, with other contributing factors including high home energy use (80%), crowded tourism (77%), reliance on car travel (76%), and meat consumption (60%). In response, many Spaniards have adopted practical behaviors. Some 83% report regularly choosing seasonal products, 81% avoid plastic bags at the store, and 79% actively limit water and electricity use at home.
Adoption of energy-saving practices continues to grow. Roughly one-quarter of respondents already have green energy contracts for their homes, and 44% report installing systems to monitor energy consumption. Solar panels are less common but rising, with about 12% indicating they have installed solar technology at home. These patterns illustrate a society progressively aligning consumption with environmental goals.
In summary, the survey paints a portrait of a country where environmental awareness is broad and action is increasingly accepted. Spaniards are moving from awareness to daily practice, translating concern into policies, household choices, and a willingness to support meaningful changes in how energy, transportation, and consumption are managed.
End of study details and contact information have been removed to maintain focus on the content of the findings and their implications for public behavior and policy.