A significant step in agricultural science has been taken as Russian researchers assemble a genome bank that groups livestock and plant DNA for easier genetic passporting. The effort is led by scientists from the North Caucasus Federal University and the Federal National Research Center, according to information released by the university’s press service. This initiative aims to accelerate the certification of breeding animals and crops by making genetic data more accessible to farmers and breeders.
The partners report the creation of thousands of biological samples and a DNA bank that covers breeding animals and crops. A key focus is the genetic certification process for sheep and cattle, conducted at the joint molecular genetics expertise laboratory operated by NCFU in collaboration with the Federal National Research Center. The project is designed to enable Stavropol Territory farmers to obtain genetic passports for their breeding stock, representing a practical tool to improve breeding decisions and traceability in the field.
In the course of the program, researchers sequenced the DNA of five domestic sheep breeds and have plans to complete a similar scale sequencing for five more breeds before the end of the year. The broader goal includes validating a database that totals around 7,000 heads of breeding livestock for the year 2022, ensuring a robust reference pool for genomic selection.
Experts describe the genome bank as a catalyst for rapid genetic evaluation. By relying on genomic markers, breeders can identify desirable traits with greater accuracy, enabling faster improvements in productivity and resilience. The anticipated outcome is a noticeable increase in breed performance in the short term, contributing to enhanced yields and efficiency across dairy and meat operations.
Beyond livestock, the project encompasses crops, expanding the scope of genetic passports to plant varieties that underpin food security and agricultural sustainability. The integrated approach supports selective breeding programs, better disease resistance, and more predictable crop traits in changing environmental conditions. The collaboration between NCFU and the Federal National Research Center underscores Russia’s commitment to cutting-edge molecular genetics and precision agriculture.
While the immediate focus is on improving selection accuracy and productivity, long-term benefits are expected to include streamlined certification workflows, improved traceability across breeding pipelines, and stronger guarantees for consumers seeking transparent provenance. The genome bank stands as a practical instrument within a broader strategy to modernize livestock management and crop improvement through genomics and data sharing, aligning with global trends in agriculture.
Previous studies connected to this work show a growing acceptance of genetic tools in farming. The knowledge gained from sequencing and genomics informs breeding decisions, supports regulatory compliance, and adds a data-backed dimension to agricultural planning. In participating regions, farmers and researchers alike anticipate clearer pathways to certify breeding animals and optimize herd and field performance.
The project invites ongoing collaboration with researchers, breeders, and extension services across Russia and beyond. As genomic databases expand and techniques evolve, the livestock and crop genome bank could become a model for other countries looking to accelerate genetic improvement while maintaining rigorous standards for animal welfare and environmental sustainability.