Researchers from the University of Toronto explored whether vitamin and mineral supplements could influence aggressive behavior in children and teenagers. Their findings appeared in a review published in Aggression and Violent Behavior.
The study addresses a serious question. Prolonged severe aggression in young people can contribute to the development of mental health disorders. Psychotherapy is a common treatment approach, and psychiatric medications may be added if needed. Yet evidence about how dietary supplements perform in this context remains limited.
To build a clearer picture, scientists examined 22 separate studies. They defined food additives as any industrial product that contains micronutrients, macronutrients, or both. On average, the supplementation period across these studies was about 14 weeks and a half.
In seven of the studies, dietary supplements showed beneficial effects on aggressive behavior among children and adolescents. These trials used a range of nutrients including vitamins, minerals, omega three fatty acids, or combinations of these elements as supplements.
Eight studies did not detect a meaningful benefit from dietary supplements for aggression. The supplements in these investigations included fish oils with epa and dha, other omega three and essential fatty acids, vitamin D, and L tryptophan.
Seven studies reported mixed outcomes. The supplements in these trials encompassed vitamin B six, fats and vitamins, omega three fatty acids, and carnitine.
Experts note that while many dietary supplements offer potential in addressing aggression, the current data on single supplements remain inconclusive. The researchers also highlighted the role of diet itself as a contributing factor that deserves future evaluation alongside supplement use.
In practical terms, the findings suggest that nutrition strategies could become part of a broader approach to managing aggression in youth. However, more rigorous, uniformly designed studies are needed to clarify which nutrients, in which combinations, and for what durations produce reliable improvements. This line of inquiry may lead to clearer dietary guidelines and integrated treatment plans for families and clinicians alike.
Further research is encouraged to identify which specific dietary patterns support calmer behavior, how supplements interact with psychotherapy and medications, and how individual differences among children influence responses to dietary interventions. The goal is to establish evidence-based recommendations that can be safely implemented in daily life and clinical settings.
Overall, the Toronto study contributes to a growing interest in nutrition as a potential adjunct to traditional therapies for aggression. The authors advocate for continued exploration of both supplements and whole diets as part of a comprehensive strategy to promote better behavioral health in youth, with attention to safety, efficacy, and long-term outcomes for diverse populations in North America.
Attribution for this synthesis comes from the University of Toronto researchers and the journal publication, reflecting a collaborative effort to understand how nutrition intersects with behavior in young people across North America.