Researchers at Pohang University of Science and Technology have created a hydrogel that may improve the chances of conception by supporting the uterus’s inner lining. The approach focuses on boosting the regeneration of the endometrium, the healthy lining that plays a crucial role in embryo implantation. The findings were published in Advanced Functional Ingredients.
The endometrium serves as the receptive environment where a pregnancy begins. When this lining is too thin, embryo attachment to the uterine wall can be hindered, raising the risk of early pregnancy loss.
The scientists developed a hydrogel that resembles the natural surroundings of uterine cells. The material is based on decellularized extracellular matrices, which are bioactive extracts derived from cells after removing their nucleus and membrane. These matrices closely mimic the tissue environment that supports cellular growth and regeneration, helping to guide repair processes in the uterus.
In their study, the team engineered a hydrogel that embodies the properties of both whole uterine tissue and the endometrial layer. When administered, it promoted an increase in endometrial thickness in animal models, creating a more favorable setting for embryo attachment and development. Embryo survival in the model reached high rates, suggesting strong regenerative potential.
The research also identified two molecules as key drivers of endometrial regeneration: insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and its binding partner IGFBP3. These findings point to possible future formulations or therapies aimed at supporting the endometrium and improving reproductive outcomes, pending further validation in clinical settings.
The study offers a translational path from laboratory materials to potential medical applications that could help individuals experiencing implantation challenges. While the results in preclinical models are promising, additional work is needed to confirm safety, efficacy, and optimal delivery in humans. Such progress would rely on rigorous trials and collaboration across fertility science disciplines, with clear markers for endometrial restoration and embryo viability. The publication marks a step forward in understanding how engineered biomaterials can interact with uterine tissue to support reproductive health and outcomes, as reported by the researchers and cited in Advanced Functional Ingredients.