Bed bugs are spreading across Spain, invading more areas for longer periods. Warmer temperatures tied to climate change allow these pests to survive cold snaps and keep breeding longer into the year.
Dr. Patricia Guillem, professor of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine at the European University, notes that bed bugs slow down when it gets cold. Yet sustained high temperatures into autumn can sustain their activity and boost reproduction after the heat persists.
Citizens report mounting bed bug problems across most autonomous communities. Health ministry data show a 70% increase from 2019 to 2020, and pest control firms report a 71% rise from January to September compared with the prior year.
There are several bed bug species, but the common one most people encounter is Cimex lectularius. These pests are nocturnal and are drawn to body heat, odors, and carbon dioxide, much like mosquitoes.
Plants against mosquitoes
Fortunately, natural plant companions can help reduce these pests. Five plants are highlighted for their repellent and, in some cases, insecticidal properties. Used safely, they offer an eco friendly approach to managing bed bug presence in homes and hospitality settings.
Researchers identified five common plants whose natural compounds may deter or even help control bed bug infestations without resorting to harsh chemicals. These findings point to safer alternatives that can be combined with standard hygiene and cleaning practices.
1. Lavender
Lavender is known for its distinctive aroma. Studies show that the scent can deter bed bugs and reduce their activity in areas treated with lavender essential oil. Native to the western Mediterranean region, lavender belongs to the mint family and adapts well to many growing conditions in Spain, France, Bulgaria, Argentina, Japan and India. Its strong perfume also repels flies, mosquitoes, moths and fleas.
2. Mint
Mint is another easy herb to grow in diverse climates. Tracing its roots to Europe, Asia and Africa, mint has played historic roles in cultures around the world. Beyond its culinary use, peppermint compounds act as repellents against bed bugs and may help keep treated spaces free from bites and irritation.
Mint can thrive in homes and gardens alike, offering a practical, low maintenance option for households seeking natural deterrents.
3. Eucalyptus
Originating in Australia, eucalyptus has spread across warm climates with well drained soils. Today it is common in many regions, including parts of Europe, the Americas and Africa. Its strong aroma is believed to help repel a variety of insects, including bed bugs. Effectiveness depends on the species of bed bug and local conditions, so results can vary.
4. Turmeric
Turmeric, a spice with roots in the gingers family, is traditionally used in medicine and cooking. It is also noted for its potential repellent effects against bed bugs and other insects. While some results vary, turmeric offers a natural option that may require frequent reapplication to maintain its protective scent and activity without relying on chemical pesticides.
5. Rue
Rue, a perennial herb grown in Southern Europe and North Africa, is valued for its historical medicinal and horticultural uses. Like mint, rue produces a strong odor that can deter bed bugs and other insects. Cultivating rue around garden borders or in indoor planters may contribute to a more hostile environment for pests while remaining safe for humans and pets when used responsibly.
Experts emphasize that while these plants can support bed bug management, they do not replace comprehensive control measures. Regular cleaning, careful laundry practices, sealing of cracks and crevices, and prompt treatment of infested areas are essential components of an effective strategy.
Cited sources include university research and health departments that track pest dynamics in urban settings. Further reading should consult local guidelines for integrated pest management and safe, eco friendly approaches to pest control.