Common mistakes in ARVI management during the cold season and practical guidance
Acute respiratory viral infections increase during the cold season, and many people self medicate, hoping to shorten the illness. This approach often fails to relieve symptoms and can raise the risk of complications. A clinician described the most frequent missteps in managing acute respiratory viral infections and offered guidance that aligns with current medical evidence. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
One frequent error is trying to beat a viral infection with antibiotics. Antibiotics do not cure viruses, and their unnecessary use can disrupt the gut microbiome, potentially weakening the immune system and stressing the liver or kidneys. They should only be used when a bacterial complication is diagnosed and prescribed by a qualified professional. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
Fever is a natural part of the body’s fight against infection. In the early days of illness, fever often remains manageable and does not always require immediate lowering. Age and other health conditions matter; elderly patients or those with chronic illnesses may need closer monitoring. If a fever rises beyond typical limits, it warrants attention and appropriate care. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
When temperatures exceed 39 C, reducing fever becomes reasonable and urgent if accompanied by signs such as dizziness, fainting, severe headache, or confusion. In these situations timely intervention can help prevent systemic complications. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
Another common mistake is using antitussive medicines that suppress coughing too aggressively. Such drugs can hinder mucus clearance, prolonging coughing episodes and potentially trapping secretions in the airways. This can complicate recovery in some patients. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
Many patients also turn to antiviral medications without medical oversight, hoping for a rapid cure. Yet many antiviral drugs lack robust evidence of effectiveness for typical seasonal viruses, and self management may delay proper care. A clinician notes that antiviral therapy should be guided by a health professional who can assess risks and potential benefits. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
Another frequent error is ignoring adequate rest. The body’s resources should be redirected toward fighting the virus rather than daily demands. Rest, hydration, and nourishment help the immune response and reduce the risk of developing secondary infections. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
Closing windows tightly to avoid drafts is not a proven strategy. Proper ventilation helps regulate the room environment and may lower the concentration of pathogens, while extreme measures can irritate airways. A balanced approach supports recovery. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
For uncomplicated ARVI the typical plan includes bed rest, a light diet, and plenty of fluids. Fever is managed only if necessary to keep the patient comfortable and safe. Nasal saline rinses provide relief for congestion. Over-the-counter decongestants should be used for no more than three days to reduce rebound congestion. Local analgesics can ease throat pain, and if there is a productive cough, mucolytics or expectorants may help clear secretions. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
Even a mild exposure to SAR can benefit from professional assessment. A clinician who evaluates the situation can choose the most appropriate and effective therapy, avoiding unnecessary medications and minimizing risk to the patient. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]
Historically, delaying medical consultation during respiratory infections has been linked to higher rates of complications and slower recovery. Prompt evaluation remains a key factor in preventing progression to more serious illness. [Attribution: clinical guidelines]