Allergies to dogs: symptoms, causes, and hypoallergenic options

Allergies to dogs: understanding symptoms, causes, and hypoallergenic options

For animal lovers who share their home with pets, an allergy to dogs can be a tough burden. In the United States and Canada, a significant portion of the population experiences dog-related allergies, with estimates suggesting more than 20% of people affected. These allergies can complicate daily life for households that cherish canine companionship.

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Contrary to common belief, canine allergies are not caused primarily by fur. The true culprits are dander along with proteins present in dog saliva and sweat. It is these substances that can trigger symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and skin reactions.

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People who suffer from dog allergies may experience a range of reactions from mild discomfort to breathing difficulties. Living with a dog can become challenging when symptoms are severe. Common signs include:

• Itchy, red eyes

• Itchy nose

• Nasal congestion

• Sneezing and a runny nose

• Asthma with shortness of breath

• Dry cough

• Fatigue

• Itchy skin

• Urticaria (hives)

• Skin rash

• Swelling

Chronic exposure may lead to a long-term condition with ongoing respiratory tract inflammation for those with dog allergies.

Some dog breeds shed less and produce less dandruff, which makes them more suitable for people with mild allergies. These breeds are often labeled as hypoallergenic, though they do not guarantee complete avoidance of allergic reactions and should be chosen with care based on individual sensitivity.

Why are some dogs considered hairless or low-shedding?

Dog breeds that minimize allergic triggers tend to shed less hair and spread fewer dandruff particles. Some dogs are naturally low-shedding or hairless, which can reduce the likelihood of triggering allergies. Other breeds may still be tolerated by individuals with mild sensitivities, though reactions can vary from person to person.

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Note: The following list highlights breeds commonly considered to be lower in allergen exposure and more tolerable for sensitive individuals, though results vary by person.

This article also mentions breeds known for their lower allergen impact, including short-haired or small-sized dogs that may be better suited for allergy-prone households.

• Airedale Terrier

• Basenji

• Bearded Collie

• Bedlington Terrier

• Bolognese Bichon

• Bichon Frise

• Bolognese Bichon

• Maltese Bichon

• Border Collie

• Cairn Terrier

• Poodle

• Coton de Tulear

• Chinese Crested

• Dandie Dinmont Terrier

• Wire-Haired Fox Terrier

• English Greyhound

• Italian Greyhound

• Kerry Blue Terrier

• Spanish, Irish and Portuguese Water Dogs

• Peruvian Hairless Dog

• Polish Lowland Sheepdog

• Samoyed

• Schnauzer

• Sealyham Terrier

• Shih Tzu

• Irish Water Spaniel

• American Hairless Terrier

• Scottish Terrier

• Welsh Terrier

• West Highland White Terrier

• Yorkshire Terrier