Air pollution from vehicle traffic can impair memory and may contribute to Alzheimer’s disease, according to findings reported by researchers at a major U.S. university.
Alzheimer’s disease is a serious neurodegenerative condition that gradually damages memory and thinking skills. In advanced stages, individuals may lose independence and personality changes become pronounced. Given the heavy burden this disease places on patients and families and the current lack of a cure, scientists continually explore prevention strategies and contributing factors to identify effective intervention points.
In one study designed to probe the link between air pollution and Alzheimer’s risk, scientists used mice as model organisms to examine whether ultrafine particulate matter produced mainly by vehicles could influence disease markers. Groups of young and mature mice were exposed to ultrafine particles for a period of several weeks, while a control group breathed purified air. The researchers aimed to uncover whether age modulates the impact of exposure on brain health.
After exposure, the mice underwent a series of memory and cognitive assessments. Results indicated that particulate exposure worsened performance on cognitive tasks across ages, with older mice showing the most pronounced changes. In these older mice, there was evidence of brain plaque accumulation and activation of glial cells, both of which are associated with heightened brain inflammation linked to Alzheimer’s pathology. These observations suggest that ultrafine particles in the air can act as a contributing factor in the development or progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
The researchers emphasize the need for stronger regulatory measures to reduce ambient particle levels. They argue that policymakers and environmental regulators should intensify efforts to curb ultrafine particle pollution as part of broader strategies to protect public brain health. The study aligns with a growing body of evidence that air quality can influence neurological outcomes and that vulnerable populations, including older adults, may be at higher risk when exposed to pollution.
Note: A stray, unrelated line appeared in the original text that did not fit the topic and has been removed to maintain clarity and focus on the scientific discussion presented above.