Images on social networks seriously injured and bloody young people drifting like objects were loaded onto trucks by recently arrived fighters. Loop they placed it in collective imagination at Hamas level Islamic State anyone Al Qaeda. Hamas – Harakat al Muqawamah al Islamiya was born in the Spanish Islamic Resistance Movement – a Hamas in the 80s. Radical and Islamist alternative to a Palestinian liberation movement dominated by secular, nationalist and leftist political forces. Although its original ideology was in favor of the implementation of a state-run state sharia (Islamic law) and completely opposite Any concessions to the State of Israel remain broadly the same; His political support improved until he became one of the main supporters at this time. proxies (deputies) Iranian In the Arab-Israeli conflict. The movement’s military capabilities have increased significantly over the years, in line with the increasing importance of its sponsors..
1. Origins
Hamas started to make itself felt late 80scorresponds to the first intifada. Its leader was Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, who had been in a wheelchair since adolescence. football game. Later, despite that physical limitationsHe studied at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, where he came into contact with people. Muslim Brothers. Hamas even introduced itself as the Palestinian section of this organization in an article in its founding charter. transnational Islamist movement. He did not join forces during the Palestinian uprising against Israel. Conquest And Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)He preferred to fight separately and alone. Founded by Hamas in 1991 Ezzeldim Al Qassam BrigadesIt carries out actions like its armed wing. kidnapping Members of the Israeli armed forces who first attracted the attention of the authorities and secret services of the Jewish state.
2. Divorce from the PLO
1993 Oslo Accords, which included recognition of the State of Israel by the PLO and the beginning of cooperation between Palestinian leaders Yasser Arafat and the Israeli Government have definitively reinforced the rupture between the two main branches of the Palestinian movement. Adhering to the idea of a single-sectarian Palestinian State, Sheikh Yassin’s forces radically opposed the content of the pacts and came on the scene to sabotage the rapprochement between Israelis and Palestinians. numerous suicide terrorist acts On buses or in shopping malls, which caused a large number of victims among the civilian population of the Hebrew State. Material writers usually people without expectations The people of the future who live in poverty in Gaza or refugee camps and carry out their actions with primitive methods such as bomb belts. The attacks shook the Israeli public’s confidence in the peace agreements, increasingly cornered the Labor Party and paved the way for the Israeli right. Benjamin Netanyahu And Ariel Sharon.
3. Armed conflict with Fatah
Charismatic man’s death in 2004 Yasser ArafatThe undisputed leader of the Palestinian national liberation movement launched an agitation in 2004. vacuum power Hamas protesters tried to take advantage of this. They organized it in 2006 Parliamentary elections in the West Bank and Gaza, where Hamas has an absolute majority in MPs 76 out of 132 seats won the PLO chairman, although the differences in terms of vote percentage were only a few tenths. Mahmoud AbbasA political coexistence with a group that did not believe in a two-state solution, a cooperation that never managed to materialize. Rather the opposite. The following year, Hamas, thanks to the might of its armed militias, expelled Fatah from the Gaza Strip and took full control of the territory, while the leader of the State of Palestine established a publicly recognized Executive in Ramallah. The legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. Despite seven years Both groups subsequently managed to form a union; distrust still exists.
4.Iran’s influence
Hamas and Iran continued their relations since the 90sWhen Tehran wants to support a Palestinian pole on the contrary Rapprochement between the PLO and the State of Israel. Contacts continued for ten years Hezbollahpro-Iranian Shiite militias in southern Lebanon and eventually arms shipment Bypassing the surveillance of Israeli security forces and entering the impoverished Palestinian strip smuggling be on the opposite side of the sea Sudanto cross Sinai Peninsula. During Israel’s military offensive against the strip in 2008 and 2009, Operation Cast LeadWeapons of Iranian origin were detected. In 2012, during the operation called Pillar of Defense, Hamas launched Fajr 5 rockets capable of hitting. Jerusalem And Tel Aviv.
During the Syrian civil war, relations between Hamas and Tehran became tense; Tehran supported Bashar al-Assad’s regime, while Hamas supported the predominantly Sunni Syrian opposition. The appointment of Yahia al Sinwar in 2017 put an end to this alienation. Sinwar himself admitted in August of that year that the Iranian regime was responsible for this situation. main source of funding of movement. According to Israeli intelligence, Iran makes deliveries every year 100 million dollars To Hamas.