State beat last year the record between those collected and those foreseen in the Budgets, thanks to economic dynamismAccording to the government, according to inflation, according to the opposition. Special, The estimated amount exceeded 23,000 millionIt reached 255,463 million euros, representing an increase of 14.4% compared to the 2021 figure.
There hasn’t been a positive gap of this magnitude in the entire historical series, at least since the mid-1990s. This development contrasts with the two worst years, 2008 and 2009, when the collection was much lower than expected. Financial CrisisWith losses of 30,082 and 45,561 million, respectively, over the budget budgeted during the socialist government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. Downward divergences then dominated during the period of Mariano Rajoy (PP) Directors, until the present day, after two budget extensions in 2021 and 2022, as in 1997-2007, José María Aznar (PP) and Zapatero.
And last year’s improvement came after recording a 15.1% increase over the previous year. until it sets another record compared to the pandemic year (2020) when activity was paralyzed. The Ministry of Finance, in its annual collection report, attributes the increase in income to the increase in expenditures. consumption, wages and pensions and corporate profits, as a result of a greater dynamism of the economy. Earlier this year, Secretary of State for the Treasury Jesús Gascón estimated in Congress that the collection had exceeded the estimated 10,000 million.
Gross domestic product (GDP) last year 5.5% growthsame as in 2021 and Despite rising inflation As a result of the war in Ukraine. such as rising prices and the absence of appropriate taxes. personal income tax According to PP and many experts, this would be one of the factors that will make the collection grow. The government, on the other hand, denies this and affirms it in its declaration. stability program update 2023-2026 sent to Brussels, where he accepted increased tax burden (the portion of taxes that ‘eat’ the wealth produced by the country), from 38.7% in 2022 to 39.7% in 2323.
In the Government’s view, the evolution of collections is “explained by the dynamic development of nominal GDP, both real factors as in the evolution of priceswith a GDP deflator estimated at 4%, but this will slow down along the way until it reaches values less than 2%”.
The document highlights that analysis of the evolution of tax revenues since 2000 reveals that they have increased.n above the growth of the economy even in periods of negative inflation Although inflation contributes to the increase in tax revenues, the main factor explaining the positive or negative changes in fiscal aggregates is not the development of the CPI. be much more determined The evolution of GDP”.
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In an appearance in Congress last fall, the chairman of the Independent Accountability Authority (airef), Christina HerreroWhile confirming that nearly 50% of the collection growth in 2022 is due to inflation, he even increased it to 75% for this year. A study by EsadecPol calculates that inflation particularly hits taxpayers with an annual income of between 15,000 and 20,000 euros.
in 2022 In 2022, the tax base for basic taxes increased by 13.1%, almost the same as in 2021. Part of it was about “. price increasesHowever, these were not the most important factors explaining the increase in tax base and income.”
According to the tax office, “less than 5 percentage points of the increase in collections was due to price increases above its normal development in recent years, although the CPI increased by an average of 8.4% during the year.” And that consumer prices directly affect only a fraction of income (those from VAT) and their impact on collections lower due to the reduction in the rate applied to electricity and gas consumption.
and in case salaries and pensions“The increases are not related to the current year’s prices, but mostly to the previous year’s prices and to figures such as the hydrocarbon tax that the tax revolves around physical consumption. The price effect is negative. The increase in revenues was also limited by the impact of measures to lower electricity prices, removed 7,200 million from the collection and speeding up tax returns. They underline that if these two factors were not present, the income would have increased by 3.2 points.