Indiana University scientists have discovered a new type of cell involved in the formation of new blood vessels in the human body. Research published in the journal Nature Communication.
Endothelial cells are involved in the formation of blood vessels. The new study showed that another type of cell called vasculogenic fibroblasts can also form new blood vessels.
The researchers found that these cells were activated during injury. However, in some patients, such as diabetics, the ability to produce these specialized cells is impaired.
In laboratory experiments, scientists reprogrammed tissues with a diabetes model that allowed them to activate vasculogenic fibroblasts. This resulted in improved blood flow and healing of diabetic wounds. The scientists used the TNT nanochip, which can send a molecule to the skin in one second, to reprogram the tissue.
Stimulation of the formation of new blood vessels is necessary for ischemic diseases caused by insufficient blood supply. However, cancer treatment requires vascular growth to stop in order to limit tumor growth. The discovery of vasculogenic fibroblasts could aid in the development of treatments for a variety of diseases.