According to a study published in the journal JACC: Clinical ElectrophysiologyInflammation of the tissues surrounding the tooth (periodontitis) can increase the risk of developing arrhythmias.
Atrial fibrosis is an abnormal growth of the connective tissue of the atria that can lead to abnormal heart rhythms (atrial fibrillation).
Scientists from the University of Hiroshima included 76 people with left atrial fibrosis in the study. They had an operation to remove the left atrial appendage. Tissue samples were analyzed by scientists. They found that there was an association between the severity of atrial fibrosis and periodontitis.
This may be because periodontitis is associated with long-term inflammation, which plays a key role in the progression of fibrosis. The association was maintained when adjusted for age, life expectancy with atrial fibrosis, body mass index, and presence of other diseases.
However, the results of the study do not prove a causal relationship between atrial fibrosis and gum disease.
Researchers hope to conduct clinical trials to see if periodontitis treatment can reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation. Quitting smoking, weight control, physical activity, and moderation or avoidance of alcohol can also reduce the risk of developing arrhythmias.