International scientists team found that the major chromosomal reconstruction – the movement, reversal and reproduction of large DNA sections – played an important role in evolution. These mutations help to develop camouflage colors that allow insect sticks (Timema Cristinae) to combine with various plants and avoid predators. Published in İş Magazine Science.
Apparently noticeable changes may occur not only from many small mutations, as well as previously believed, but also as a large “perestroica” in DNA-chromosomal restructuring. These changes affect large areas that can change or change the locations of the genetic code.
An incredible example of such a mechanism was found in rod insects – the small, unexplained inhabitants of the bushes in California. Some are green and combine with lilac leaves, others with a white strip in the back, which helps to be stored among the needle leaves of the shock. Scientists have found that these differences are related to major changes in DNA structure.
“We haven’t noticed these hidden areas before, because they are masked in standard genetic analyzes, Z said Zakhari Gompert, a biologist Zakhari Gompert from Utah University. “With new technologies, we were able to collect insect DNA more accurately – as if he put two different puzzles instead of a greased picture.”
Scientists call such parts of DNA as “the dark matter of the genome – – it used to be invisible, but now they are opened with the help of modern methods. The new data will help to understand how evolution is regulated – in other types, including people, not only in the sticks, but also people.
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Source: Gazeta
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