“Muscles turn into fat, bones are studying”: Professor Mai Belyavsky, who sticks to ISSs, threatens the life of Mai Belyavsky: Life in ISS takes years, 02/13/2025, 16:11

From gravity to weight

American astronauts Sunita Williams and Barry Wilmore began to fulfill their duties in ISS on June 5, 2024 and had to spend only eight days in space. However, due to technical problems, they did not return to Earth at the Boeing capsule and is still at the station. The only chance to leave it for the “prisoner, was the outdoor access to the outdoor space for the“ prisoner .. Now the astronauts are promised to return at the end of March – but they can be transferred once again. Thus, instead of eight days, they will stay in space for almost ten months.

Williams at the end of January said Nidham High School students, whom he graduated from in 1983, forgot how to walk, sit and lie down. The health status of a woman already causes experts to worry about: words Doctors Vinin Gupta, calorie “important deficiency” signs. As the doctor explains, in space, the body burns more calories because it adapts to changes in gravity and tries to protect the body temperature in cold, hard conditions. To prevent loss of muscle and bone mass, astronauts should play sports for about 2.5 hours a day, which requires energy consumption.

If the test devices do not follow a special diet and training complexes, simply after returning to the ground It will lose the opportunity to move. In addition, it is difficult to switch from gravity to zero gravity.

“What does a person experience when he enters space? Initially, nausea, this is the result of the lack of normal perception of gravity vertical: cerebellum no longer function as on earth, we disappear only in space. Soon, a red veil appears in front of my eyes, noise and severe headaches in the ears occur. Symptoms usually last four to five days. In order to facilitate the adaptation, the old crew remains at the station until new arrivals are accustomed to new conditions. ”

According to him, even the most prepared professionals are experiencing the horror of the transition from gravity to zero gravity around the world, because being in an extraterrestrial environment is a difficult test for any organism. No openness, the cerebellar cloth, which is responsible for the orientation in space, does not have normal functioning – except the planet, all “normal” perception of reality disappears. And this is the main thing that multiplies the general health.

After passing the adaptation period, the condition of the astronaut is stabilized. However, this does not mean that the harmful effects of the new environment end: not only physiological, but also mental changes in space for long -term insulation.

Around the radiation!

According to Belyavsky, The maximum life of a person in space for about three years Considering the continuous exposure of various types of radiation at once: galactic is caused by regions from saturated areas of energy regeneration and mutations, sunny and radiation zones of cell regeneration and mutations. Second, contributes to the disintegration of water molecules in the body and the transition to other chemical compounds that are not compatible with the continuation of life.

“Galactic radiation adversely affects the central nervous system and causes cognitive disorder. The body becomes more vulnerable. There is no protection against galactic radiation in the spacecraft, but scientists are actively working on it. In particular, they develop more effective protective materials for spacecraft and gaps. ”

One day, with the help of unique special equipment, it is still possible to adapt to space, but so far there is definitely no conversation about it.

Is restoration possible?

According to the MAI expert, it is not important to whom we decide to send it to space: a man, a woman, an elderly person or child – regardless of gender and age, each outside the world will be equally uncomfortable. Post -flight recovery will be adaptation time and sometimes longer in space.

“In space, for example, without regular physical exercises, the muscles lose their masses and turn into adipose tissues. It is impossible to convert the oil into muscles again. Therefore, astronauts train eight hours a day and devote the remaining time to the sleep and care of the space station. To protect the physical form, they follow a number of exercises developed by experts in the field of aviation-space medicine. However, exercises cannot prevent changes: the muscles still relax, mass decreases and bones become thinner and lose their intensity. ”

A few groups of experts work with these and other consequences of being in space upon the return of astronaut. The unsuccessful astronaut is exposed to a very monthly rehabilitation course under the continuous supervision of doctors: is examined by medical scientists, psychologists, biologists and other experts who collect data about the effect of cosmos on the human body.

“Experts have not yet put forward a clear addiction between the number of years in space, but in terms of body indicators, flights other than the world’s gravity, even if not decades, take years. So you can heal, but you always need to be ready for unpleasant results, Bel said Belyavsky.

According to him, scientists have long been looking for ways to make people more comfortable people outside the world, but “Everything is not very simple and faster.”

“For example, it is known that the development of centrifuges continues with the effect of worldly gravitational imitation on a spaceship. It will allow astronauts not to lose the most important skills. The conditions of the project have not yet been determined. But I’m sure when will it be possible, our astronauts will be much easier. ”

Thus, the 59 -year -old Stab Williams and 62 -year -old Barry Wilmoru may need for years to restore his health after the flight.