Using computer reconstruction of dinosaur skulls, researchers from the University of Birmingham showed that large predatory species with powerful jaws acquired unusually long eye sockets. Article published in the journal Communication Biology.
Computer modeling of the skulls of nearly 500 different dinosaurs, including tyrannosaurs, showed that the round eye sockets would cause high mechanical stress to the bones of carnivorous dinosaurs when bitten. To maintain the stability of the skull, which had acquired powerful jaws, the slightly elongated shape of the eye sockets allowed animals: elliptical, in the form of a keyhole or figure eight. In this case, the eyeball occupied only the upper part of the orbit. This resulted in a reduction in the size of the eyes relative to the skull. Otherwise, Tyrannosaurus rex’s eyes would have grown to 30 cm in diameter and weighed around 20 kg, instead of the estimated 13 cm and 2 kg.
But this problem only applies to predatory owners of large skulls longer than a meter. Most herbivorous species and young carnivores have a round eye socket.
Source: Gazeta
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