There are four degrees of perineal tear after birth. Grade III and IV tears are the most difficult for the surgeon. They affect not only the skin and muscles of the perineum but also the anal sphincter, which can lead to serious complications such as urinary incontinence and wound infection. Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, member of the board of directors of the Russian Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and chief physician of the maternity hospital of the European Medical Center (EMC) Viktor Tyutyunnik told socialbites.ca.
“If the tear involves a vein, it can cause serious bleeding that requires urgent intervention. Tears in women with anatomical features: For example, the risk of serious tears in various parts of the birth canal is often increased in women with a narrow pelvis or who have had previous injuries. Difficulties, quick decision-making, pain management and it may be due to the patient’s need to recover later,” the doctor said.
First-degree tears damage the posterior commissure of the labia majora, a portion of the posterior vaginal wall, and the skin of the perineum, without damaging the muscles. Second degree includes injuries in which, in addition to the posterior commissure and perineal skin, the superficial and deep muscles of the perineum are damaged.
“We are talking about third degree if, in addition to the skin and muscles mentioned above, the external anal sphincter is also torn or ruptured without damaging the rectal wall. And the fourth degree is a violation of the integrity of the external anal sphincter and damage to the rectal wall,” said the expert.
The number of stitches depends on various factors. During natural birth, stitches can range from a few to dozens. More stitches may be required in severe tears, such as a III-IV degree perineal tear or II-III degree cervical tear.
About how often postpartum complications occur, which ones are the most dangerous, how secondary infertility can occur after childbirth and why a woman may experience pain during sex – in report Tyutyunnik “socialbites.ca”.
Russian surgeons before they were able to Perform four complex heart surgeries simultaneously.
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Source: Gazeta
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