Caries isn’t caused by sugar alone. A Toronto-based dentist and founder of a modern dental clinic explained five less obvious factors that can contribute to tooth decay.
According to the expert, chronic emotional tension can manifest in the mouth. Long-term stress alters the saliva’s chemistry, which normally helps protect teeth. When cortisol levels spike, the protective balance in the oral environment shifts. That change can encourage harmful bacteria to proliferate, increasing demineralization of the enamel and paving the way for cavities.
Sleep quality also plays a role. Continuous sleep disruption or night work is linked to a higher cavity risk. People who skip coffee and sugary snacks at night may still suffer from reduced saliva production during the night, similar to slower digestive activity. When saliva is thinner and less effective, teeth become more vulnerable to acids formed during late-evening eating, making cavity formation more likely over time.
Beyond simple sugar intake, certain foods—especially those rich in fast carbohydrates—can contribute to decay. In addition to sweets, caries lesions can arise from junk foods loaded with glucose and fructose, along with overall poor dietary patterns. A body lacking adequate calcium and phosphorus can weaken enamel, while very soft foods can promote stubborn plaque buildup that protects bacteria on tooth surfaces.
Another overlooked cause is improper jaw alignment. An incorrect bite or jaw position places uneven forces on individual teeth, accelerating enamel wear and heightening sensitivity and susceptibility to decay. Crowded teeth also hinder thorough cleaning, allowing bacteria to thrive in harder-to-reach areas and promoting enamel deterioration that can lead to caries.
Finally, the presence of dry mouth, or xerostomia, can signal rising caries risk. When saliva flow is insufficient, enamel loses some of its protective mineral layer, and bacteria can accumulate more easily on tooth surfaces, increasing the likelihood of decay.