In cold weather, a car’s critical systems can struggle or fail if the engine is started without proper care. A technical expert from Za Rulem, Mikhail Kolodochkin, explained this to socialbites.ca, emphasizing that winter conditions place additional stress on engines, transmissions, and related components. The first area of concern is the engine itself. Pistons can heat unevenly when the car is started from a cold state, and a sharp press of the gas while the engine is still cold can cause stress and potential internal damage as metal expands at different rates. This is why gradual acceleration after startup is advised, giving the engine a chance to reach a more even operating temperature.
Next comes the transmission. The gearbox tends to heat up mainly while the car is moving, and in cold air its parts may not mesh smoothly at once. When the vehicle is cold, it is important to drive with a light touch, allowing the gear train to adjust and engage cleanly across all gears. This principle applies to manual and automatic transmissions alike, helping to prevent clutch or torque converter stress that can shorten the life of the system.
Another risk during severe frosts is the situation where summer oil remains in the engine. In such cases, the starter can struggle to crank the crankshaft, and a strong electrical surge may occur. If the oil viscosity is not suited for cold temperatures, the starter can experience short circuits or added load, potentially leading to starter failure. A cautious approach is to ensure oil suited for low temperatures is used and to start gently, avoiding excessive cranking that could overwhelm the electrical system.
Kolodochkin also highlighted the vehicle’s interior heating system. In subzero weather, directing airflow toward the windshield during initial startup helps the glass warm gradually. Rushing to heat the interior first and then blowing hot air directly onto the glass can produce thermal stress that risks cracking or shattering the pane. A measured sequence—moderate interior warming followed by targeted defrosting—helps protect the windshield and maintains clear visibility.
There are occasions when tires crack in extreme frost, especially with used tires or after a vehicle has been parked overnight and then suddenly driven. To mitigate this, it is advised to drive at a reduced speed for the first five minutes, allowing the tires to adapt and come up to operating temperature gradually. This careful warming reduces the likelihood of tread or sidewall damage and helps maintain grip on slick surfaces. The expert stresses that a gentle warm-up period can extend tire life and improve overall safety on winter roads.
Addressing winter operating conditions also involves routine checks and preventive steps. Regular inspection of battery health, coolant levels, and tire pressure becomes more critical as temperatures drop. Using suitable winter-grade oils and fluids, ensuring proper antifreeze concentrations, and planning shorter, smoother trips during the coldest mornings can help vehicles start more reliably and operate more efficiently through the season. Mikhail Kolodochkin notes that careful preparation and gradual adaptation of the vehicle to cold weather reduce the risk of sudden failures and promote safer driving in freezing conditions.