The right not to leave the vehicle
Article 89 of the Board Regulations
When a vehicle is stopped, the inspector approaches from the driver’s door after the vehicle is at a stop. The driver is not required to exit the car unless there is interference or danger. Paragraph 48 of the General Regulations specifies the inspector should approach the car from the driver’s door. If safety or disruption demands it, the approach may differ.
The inspector may ask the driver to disembark for specific reasons:
If the stop is for a formal document check, leaving the vehicle is not required immediately.
The right to know the reason for the stop
Articles 84, 89 and 91 of the Administrative Regulation
After stopping, the inspector should state the reason and list the documents the driver must present.
Under current rules, a check itself is a valid reason for a stop even if no traffic violation has occurred. Passengers may also be asked to present documents.
The right to explain or refuse to testify about one’s actions
Article 51 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, paragraphs 51 and 132 of the Administrative Regulation
If a traffic rule is violated, the driver may explain actions taken, especially if a maneuver to avoid danger occurred. Explanations are included in the minutes. A driver also has the right not to provide an explanation, since self-incrimination is protected by the Constitution.
The right to film the inspector’s actions
Article 8 of the law “On Police”
The current regulation does not explicitly address video recording. Inspectors may attempt to prohibit filming, but video recording of the inspector’s actions is permissible and can document the interaction, including any pressure to pay a bribe.
In some cases, a request not to film may be legal, but the inspector must hold an official document justifying the prohibition, such as ongoing operational measures or disclosure of state secrets.
The right to know the inspector’s name, rank, and position, plus the duty unit’s contact number
Paragraph 45, 52 of the Administrative Regulations, Article 5 of the “On Police” Act
When approaching the driver, the inspector should introduce themselves. The driver may request a certificate and also inquire about the duty unit’s number. This allows verification that the employee is on duty and that the vehicle is currently in orientation.
The right to study and obtain copies of the resolution, protocol, or act
Articles 134, 151, 168, 211 of the Administrative Regulation
These documents are prepared in cases of traffic rule violations, vehicle inspections, confiscation of personal belongings, impairment tests, or vehicle detention. A protocol is issued during the inspection, and actions are recorded. If there is any discrepancy between documents and actions, the results may be challenged as invalid.
In all cases, the driver may take notes on the document and add clarifications if needed. The inspector must provide a copy of the document.