A recent study led by researchers at the University of Copenhagen highlights a clear link between asymptomatic atherosclerosis in the heart’s arteries and the risk of a sudden heart attack among middle-aged adults. The researchers published their findings in Internal Medicine Annals, bringing forward important points about how coronary artery changes can quietly progress before any symptoms emerge.
The investigation followed more than 9,500 adults aged 40 and older who underwent computed tomography CT scans to assess the condition of their coronary arteries. The results revealed a spectrum of artery health: about half of participants showed no signs of subclinical heart disease, roughly one-third displayed non-obstructive changes, and around one-tenth had obstructive disease, meaning partial or complete blockage of the arteries. Those with obstructive disease faced a markedly higher risk, being more than eight times as likely to experience a heart attack compared with those without such changes. However, when looking at the population as a whole, the absolute risk remained relatively modest for most individuals in the study group.
The researchers emphasized that symptoms of arterial occlusion may not appear until the artery lumen is reduced to about 30 percent of its original diameter. In practical terms, a person can accumulate years of plaque buildup in two or even three major coronary arteries without noticing any clinical signs. This underscores how stealthy the disease can be, even when significant blockage is present, and highlights why early detection matters for prevention.
Based on these observations, the authors advocate for conversations between middle-aged individuals and their healthcare providers about cardiovascular screening, especially when lifestyle choices or known risk factors for heart disease are present. Such discussions help clarify personal risk and determine whether screening or preventive measures might be appropriate. These measures could include lifestyle changes, risk factor management, or additional diagnostic testing when indicated, all tailored to the individual’s health profile.
Beyond the specific CT findings, the broader takeaway is the value of proactive heart health assessment in midlife. Detecting subclinical disease before symptoms surface allows clinicians to customize preventive strategies that address blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes risk, weight management, physical activity, and smoking cessation. This approach supports informed decisions about diet, exercise, and medical therapies that can reduce long‑term cardiovascular risk and promote healthier aging for people across North America.
In summary, the Copenhagen study makes it clear that asymptomatic atherosclerosis in the heart’s arteries should not be dismissed as a mere footnote. It serves as a predictor of potential future cardiac events and calls on middle-aged adults to discuss cardiovascular screening with their doctors, particularly if there are unhealthy lifestyle factors or other risk indicators for heart disease. Early detection and targeted prevention can play a crucial role in lowering the likelihood of a heart attack and improving long‑term heart health for adults in Canada and the United States.