“We, the people of Chile of various nationalities, freely recognize this right to ourselves. constitutionConsisting of 388 articles, 11 chapters and 56 provisional norms, the title of the text sought to challenge historical challenges: to bury the institutional foundations of the last General’s dictatorship. Augusto Pinochet (1973-90) seemed safe from any reform. A popular revolt created the conditions for a new popular uprising. Magna Carta: Citizen vote will decide his fate on Sunday. A significant portion of the population knows little or nothing about its content.
State and democracy
“Chile is a social and democratic state of law. multinationalintercultural, regional and ecological” is mentioned in point one of the first article. The country is “established as a republic of solidarity” by ratifying the text. democracy it is “inclusive” and power is “held by the people and for the people, by the people.” Dignity, freedom, material equality of people and their indissoluble relationship with nature are “recognized as intrinsic and inalienable values”.
It should be occupied by 50% of the state organs. woman in this way, “to achieve material equality and parityThe “multinational” character presupposes the recognition of 11 peoples and nations: Mapuche, Aymara, Rapa Nui, Lickanantay, Quechua, Colla, Diaguita, Chango, Kawashkar, Yaghan, Selk’nam. Indigenous Regional Autonomies that can only be applied to issues that can “directly affect” these communities and consultative instruments.The exercise of these powers cannot jeopardize the unity of the State.
Equality and gender approach
Article six states that the State “women, men, diversity and sexual separation Recognizing that their effective representation of gender and gender is a principle and minimum condition for the full and substantive exercise of democracy and citizenship, they agree to essential equality conditions. discrimination“, particularly when alleging issues such as nationality, age, body diversity, religion or belief, race, immigrant or refugee status, disability, mental or physical health, marital status, affiliation or social status.
Institutions and government
The President or President shall serve four years in the exercise of their office and may be re-elected only once thereafter, either immediately or later. This is an innovation with strong political weight. The President is the head of a State that must “regulate, supervise, promote and develop economic activities” and ensure the autonomy of the Central Bank and the principle of fiscal sustainability. It also needs tools to prevent and punish market abuses. Voted Magna Carta abolishes the Senate and “Congress of Deputies and Deputies“, as the legislative power and the Chamber of Regions.
Rights
” fundamental rights They are inherent in the human personality, universal, inalienable, indivisible and interdependent”, stated in article 17. Their full application is “the dignified life of individuals and peoples, democracy, peace and the balance of nature”.
In this sense, the new Constitution, with strong neoliberal pressure, provides for a sharp cut-off point regarding the text still in force. This is evident in the way it tries to secure fundamental rights such as: Health, EducationRecognition of adequate food, water and sanitation as well as housework and living in harmony with the environment. It explicitly guarantees that its ownership will be “protected under all circumstances, whatever the type of owner”.
“Every man owns it. sexual and reproductive rights. These include, among others, one’s own body, sexuality, reproductivepleasure and birth control“.
Possible changes
The tone of the text didn’t make everyone happy, even on the “I approve” side. both the president Gabriel Boric because the parties supporting the left government have promised to amend the Constitution if that option is implemented on Sunday. The Powers therefore sought to open the door for “improvements” after several objections were raised, including implementation of the agreement. a good retirement” and the practices of ‘State of Exception’, which are the subject of extreme sensitivity in the south of the country, particularly due to conflicts with sectors of the indigenous community. Mapuche. There will also be a tendency to review aspects of the judicial system.