A study by neuroscientists at Emory University found that testosterone is responsible for social bonding and friendship in men. The scientists’ job was: published Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
Scientists studied Mongolian gerbils, which form strong pairs and raise their offspring together. In one experiment, male gerbils were introduced to females. Once they formed pairs and the females became pregnant, the males began to pay more attention.
The researchers then gave the men injections of testosterone. Scientists hoped that a sharp increase in the level of the aggression hormone would reduce the male tendency to cuddle and care. However, testosterone only increased this behavior.
In a subsequent experiment, females were removed from the cages and an unknown male was brought into the cage. Typically, the male would chase or try to avoid the other male, but rodents injected with testosterone were friendlier instead. However, the behavior became more aggressive when the subjects were given another injection of testosterone.
Researchers hypothesize that testosterone enhances context-sensitive behavior and plays a role in increasing affection, defense or aggression, depending on the situation. The scientists hope their findings will serve as the basis for further research on other species, including humans.