Researchers from Fudan University in China found that pregnant women breathing air polluted with PM2.5 particles was associated with lower intelligence scores in their children. results published In the journal Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (EES).
PM2.5 is particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or smaller in diameter that pollutes the air. They are formed during combustion, industrial activity and vehicle operation. PM2.5 particles consist of a mixture of more than 50 chemical components, the most common of which are ammonium, sulfates, nitrates, organic carbon, soil dust and soot.
Scientists conducted an experiment involving 1,292 women to find out how breathing in these particles during pregnancy affects the fetus. Exposure levels to PM2.5 particles were estimated using statistical modeling based on satellite optical depth measurements. These measurements show the concentration and distribution of atmospheric compounds in a particular area. To collect data on children’s intellectual abilities, researchers visited participants’ homes first when they were 6 months old and then at ages one, four, and six. Evaluation was performed using the Wechsler test; One of the most popular tests to examine intelligence in Western countries. The test measures perceptual thinking, verbal comprehension and general intelligence.
The results showed that children whose mothers were exposed to fewer PM2.5 particles in the first three months of pregnancy had higher perceptual reasoning scores. Breathing large amounts of air polluted by these particles has been associated with lower levels of general intelligence. However, exposure to PM2.5 particles during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy did not affect children’s mental abilities.
Previous scientists I learnedthat exhaust fumes can cause hypertension crisis.