36% of the profits made by multinational companies in the world are taxed at an effective rate of less than 15%; in fact, most of them are paid in countries considered to have high corporate taxation. Spain, Luxembourg, United States, France, Canada, Korea, Switzerland, Italy, Japan, Germany, Mexico, Portugal or BrazilAmong 68 counties with nominal rates between 25% and 35%.
This is one of the most striking conclusions of the report on the effective taxation of multinational companies, published on Tuesday. organization of developed countries OECDHe is trying to draw attention to the fact that despite everything, there is a majority tax erosion from the benefits produced Countries with high nominal taxes; even more than frequently criticized jurisdictions tax havens or regions low taxation.
Minimum 15% taxation
“Many jurisdictions generally considered ‘high tax’ offer a variety of incentives that could lead to significantly lower tax rates,” the OECD report said. he states. ‘Effective tax rates of multinational companies’. It is intended to provide a basis for discussions on the implementation of the results of this report. A. taxation minimum 15% on the benefits of multinational companies in OECD countries, a goal for which Spain has already taken its first steps and plans to continue advancing.
The OECD report is based on analysis of results from a very large sample. 7,600 multinational companies From 222 countries and jurisdictions (annual turnover over €750 million) for the four-year period from 2017 to 2020. annual average of 5.9 trillion dollars The report estimates a tax rate on profits made by this group of companies effective average 19.1% weighted.
However, the profits of large multinational companies are estimated to be 2 billion 143 billion dollars [el 36% del total] taxed rates less than 15% Each year of the sample period.
Specifically, the sum of the benefits is estimated to be: 753,000 million dollar is taxed An effective rate of less than 5%, Meanwhile others 1.39 billion they are with men Between 5% and 15%. But the truth is that most of the profits of large multinational corporations (3.78 billion dollars (two-thirds of the total) are taxable Effective tax rate between 15% and 30%.
Fiscal erosion in high-tax areas
The second finding of the OECD relates to the fact that: more than half (53.2%) of results taxed at less than 15% Countries considered “high tax” but this provides generous tax benefits to large companies. In addition, 10% of the profits of multinational companies are generated in these regions, which ultimatelyLess than 5% corporate tax.
“In jurisdictions where statutory rates are between 15% and 25%, approximately ninth part taxation of profits below 5% and more than a third It concludes that “all profits are taxed at less than 15%.” In countries and territories where the nominal rate is higher than 25%, more than a quarter It is added that profits are taxed at effective rates of less than 15%.
” effective rates On average, it is 6.9 points lower. nominal rates [del impuesto de sociedades] in the same jurisdiction, the OECD estimates.”
Spain: 31 multinational companies with an effective profit rate of 1.75%
The statistical report that complements the document published by the OECD points to Spain as one of the countries where corporate tax is represented a percentage of total revenue (5%) and GDP (2%) below average (9% and 3% respectively).
Also below average in Spain difference According to OECD data, it is between the nominal corporate tax rate (25%) and the average effective rate (23%).
However, the Tax Office report, created from the ‘country-based declaration’ for 2020 of 126 multinational companies with Spanish parent companies, shows that 31 of them pay corporate tax. Average effective rate equivalent to 1.75% profit and 15 other people A percentage between 5% and 10% (average 8.64%). According to this report of the Tax Office, 6 multinational companies, average effective rate 11.46% benefited from their benefits and 13 of them were subjected to torture. 16.31% taxation. 13 multinational companies were also supported average effective rate 23.22% and there were 43 people paying taxes 43% of profit Obtained.