Fallen autumn leaves contain biogenic persistent free radicals (BPFRs), toxic pollutants that pose a threat to human health. This conclusion was reached by American scientists from the SmartState Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk in South Carolina. The study was published in the scientific journal magazine Environmental Science and Technology Letters (ESTL).
Free radicals are particles that contain one or more unpaired electrons in their outer electron shell. They can damage cell membranes and cause mutations in RNA and DNA, contributing to the aging of the body. Persistent free radicals can remain in the environment for hours, days or even months.
“We found that both coniferous and broadleaf plants contain significant levels of persistent free radicals. This suggests that a large and persistent source of leaf litter is an undisclosed source of BPFRs, which, if toxic, can have adverse health effects if inhaled or ingested.” said study author Eric Veierano, Associate Professor of Environmental Health Sciences (ENHS).
Although free radicals and their environmental and health risks have been widely studied for decades since their discovery in 1954, most research has focused on threats from combustion and thermal processes.
According to the scientist, 82% of the Earth’s terrestrial biomass consists of plants, so seasonal defoliation remains a potent source of persistent free radicals. The particles are safe as long as they remain in the leaves. However, after its breakdown, harmful elements can be absorbed into the soil and spread, posing a danger to humans and nature.
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