An international team of scientists announced the development of an innovative nanomotor based on DNA and controlled by an intelligent mechanism using RNA polymerase. The new engine is capable of making vibratory movements. The results of the research were published in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.
The team developed a leaf spring nanomotor using computer simulations using the oxDNA tool. The structure consists of approximately 14 thousand nucleotides, which form the main components of DNA, and is shaped like a wrist expander: two handles connected by a spring, forming a V-shaped structure.
The dimensions of the nanomotor are 70*70*12 nanometers. Its action is carried out due to the chemical energy of nucleoside triphosphates, which have three phosphate groups. A special enzyme, RNA polymerase, was attached to one of the motor arms and a DNA strand was stretched between the two arms.
Polymerase captures a DNA strand to copy it, that is, uses it as a template for the synthesis of RNA molecules (transcripts). In this case, the non-transcribed region becomes smaller, causing one handle to attract the other. When the RNA polymerase reaches a special sequence known as the terminal sequence, the enzyme releases the DNA and the structure returns to its original position, then the cycle repeats.
Scientists also plan to develop a clutch that will use engine energy only at certain times. In the long term, such an engine could become the central element of a complex nanomachine.
Previously, physicists calculated where it was best to hide from a nuclear explosion.