Russian scientists have established a link between the unemployment rate in poor and rich countries and the average life expectancy. This was reported by the press service of the National Research University Higher School of Economics.
Life expectancy is considered one of the most important indicators of a country’s development. Intuitively, it may seem that the higher the employment percentage of the population, the better things are in all aspects of life. Experts from the HSE Faculty of Economic Sciences conducted a study and discovered that this is not entirely true and that other factors have a stronger influence.
The scientists used 2011-2019 data from the World Bank and the World Health Organization for analysis. The data includes economic and socio-economic indicators (GDP per capita, unemployment rate, population density, etc.), health system characteristics (health expenditure per capita, number of hospital beds and health workers per 1000 people). In addition, the scientists took into account the state of the environment (carbon dioxide emissions), as well as food safety, tobacco prevalence and alcohol consumption.
It turned out that the higher the income, the longer the average life expectancy, and this effect weakens as income rises further (because there is a natural limit to life expectancy). At the same time, the impact of unemployment on life expectancy turned out to be unexpected and irrational. Thus, a 1% increase in unemployment in poor countries shortened life expectancy by 0.23 years, while in upper-middle-income countries the effect was the opposite. A 1% increase in unemployment in them extends their lifespan by 0.16 years. The authors explain this by the fact that job loss in poor countries often leads to significant deterioration in nutrition, living conditions and access to medicines, while in rich countries these consequences are offset by an improved health system and social environment. Support.
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