this human pressure and climate change has a negative impact on nature and ecosystems. Birds are one of the most affected animal groups. Half of the bird species are in decline in populations, in 13% of cases the decline is so marked that they are in danger of extinction and only 6% of taxa are growing..
The alarm was issued by BirdLife International’ broadcast.State of the World’s Birds 2022‘, a summary of all the world’s ornithological knowledge that this organization produces every four years, with contributions from SEO/BirdLife in Spain.
The text highlights that of the approximately 11,000 bird species in the world, 5,245, 49% are experiencing population decline. And 1,409 of them, one in eight, are in danger of extinction.
work, a deterioration in the conservation of most bird populationsIt was present almost all over the world, especially in the temperate latitudes of the planet, until just a few years ago, including many species such as the sparrow or swallow.
BirdLife International research identifies key drivers of global species decline:
– Expansion and intensification of agricultureaffecting 73% of threatened species.
-deforestationaffecting half of the endangered birds.
– Invasive alien species and other problem species that harm 40% of problem heellers.
-Huntingwhich is basically illegal and affects 38% of endangered birds.
-Climate changealready affecting 34% of species.
-Urban development It has a negative impact on 27% of endangered birds.
planet problem
On the whole, 33% of impacts on biodiversity in South America and 26% in Africa are due to consumption in other parts of the world.. Since 1502 only in the Atlantic Ocean, 187 bird species disappeared.
All regions and all countries are home to at least one endangered bird species. Brazil and Indonesia 175 and 171 species, respectively, are threatened with extinction. 1,409 threatened species, 231 critically endangered.
The authors of the study also note that: Widespread decline in bird populations hitherto considered common.
Inside European Union (EU), 620 million birds have disappeared since 1980. In North America, losses in the last 50 years have been recorded as 3,000 million. But The slaughter of populations is global.
Inside JapanFor example, 94% of individuals of forest species disappeared between 1805 and 2016. Over the same period, populations of birds associated with wetlands declined by 88%.
Inside KenyaBetween 1970 and 2020, the number of raptors decreased by 70%. India lost 62% of forest-related birds between 2000 and 2018; 59% less reduction in grassland and brush-related birds and 47% less in wetland birds.
Inside Costa RicaBird populations in tropical farmlands declined between 1999 and 2010. AustraliaBetween 2000 and 2016, seabirds lost 43% of their numbers.
The predictions are dramatic: “97% of birds in America could be affected by global warming by 2100”. And Europe the trends look the same,” explains Asunción Ruiz, executive director of SEO/BirdLife.
Spain: 18 species in critical condition
SEO/BirdLife has updated the status of birds at the state level. He has Confirmed existence of 462 species in Spain, 63% of them will be autochthonous; that is, they breed on the territory of Spain. from them, 359 is part of the ‘Birds of Spain Red List’so there is a – albeit slight – concern about the conservation status. Ninety species are under threat category, of which 18 are in critical condition..
Four species are at ‘extreme risk’: Cantabrian capercaillie, marble teal, shrike and Balearic shearwater.
In Spain, as in the rest of Europe, most threatened bird species live preferably in agricultural systems and other semi-natural habitats (34%), followed by wetland birds (24.7%).
18% of threatened birds are marine or coastal species, 12% live in mountainous areas and only 10% are birds living in forest environments..
According to SEO/BirdLife, this distribution largely reflects the most threatened habitats in Spain, highlighting agricultural steppe systems and wetlands as ecosystems in the worst condition.
Total, The list addresses – for the first time – 12 major threat groups that include climate change. Generally, pollution is the most common threat (76.29% of cases), followed by changing ecosystems, intensive farming practices and effects due to climate change.
BirdLife International Report: https://seo.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Estado-de-Conservacion-de-las-Aves-del-Mundo_2022-BirdLife-International.pdf
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